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Patricia L. Suarez, Angel D. Sappa, & Boris X. Vintimilla. (2019). Image patch similarity through a meta-learning metric based approach. In 15th International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet based Systems (SITIS 2019); Sorrento, Italia (pp. 511–517).
Abstract: Comparing images regions are one of the core methods used on computer vision for tasks like image classification, scene understanding, object detection and recognition. Hence, this paper proposes a novel approach to determine similarity of image regions (patches), in order to obtain the best representation of image patches. This problem has been studied by many researchers presenting different approaches, however, the ability to find the better criteria to measure the similarity on image regions are still a challenge. The present work tackles this problem using a few-shot metric based meta-learning framework able to compare image regions and determining a similarity measure to decide if there is similarity between the compared patches. Our model is training end-to-end from scratch. Experimental results
have shown that the proposed approach effectively estimates the similarity of the patches and, comparing it with the state of the art approaches, shows better results.
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Miguel Realpe, Jonathan S. Paillacho Corredores, & Joe Saverio & Allan Alarcon. (2019). Open Source system for identification of corn leaf chlorophyll contents based on multispectral images. In International Conference on Applied Technologies (ICAT 2019); Quito, Ecuador (pp. 572–581).
Abstract: It is important for farmers to know the level of chlorophyll in plants since this depends on the treatment they should give to their crops. There are two common classic methods to get chlorophyll values: from laboratory analysis and electronic devices. Both methods obtain the chlorophyll level of one sample at a time, although they can be destructive. The objective of this research is to develop a system that allows obtaining the chlorophyll level of plants using images.
Python programming language and different libraries of that language were used to develop the solution. It was decided to implement an image labeling module, a simple linear regression and a prediction module. The first module was used to create a database that links the values of the images with those of chlorophyll, which was then used to obtain linear regression in order to determine the relationship between these variables. Finally, the linear
regression was used in the prediction system to obtain chlorophyll values from the images. The linear regression was trained with 92 images, obtaining a root-mean-square error of 7.27 SPAD units. While the testing was perform using 10 values getting a maximum error of 15.5%.
It is concluded that the system is appropriate for chlorophyll contents identification of corn leaves in field tests.
However, it can also be adapted for other measurement and crops. The system can be downloaded at github.com/JoeSvr95/NDVI-Checking [1].
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W. Agila, Gomer Rubio, L. Miranda, & D. Sanaguano. (2019). Open Control Architecture for the Characterization and Control of the PEM Fuel Cell. In IEEE ETCM 2019 Fourth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting; Guayaquil, Ecuador (pp. 1–5).
Abstract: Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, are an efficient and clean source of electrical energy. The analysis of its operation requires experimental work, which allows measuring, modeling and optimizing PEM fuel cells electrical behavior under different operating conditions. Therefore, having an experimentation platform that allows to easily carry out its study and control is essential. This research presents the design and development of an open instrumental system that allows measuring, controlling and determining the operating parameters of a PEM fuel cell. As results, the polarization curves, voltage-current, obtained by the system itself in different experimental conditions are shown. These curves are a very useful tool to evaluate the electrical behavior of the PEM battery.
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Santos V., Angel D. Sappa., & Oliveira M. & de la Escalera A. (2019). Special Issue on Autonomous Driving and Driver Assistance Systems. In Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 121.
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Cristhian A. Aguilera, Cristhian Aguilera, & Angel D. Sappa. (2018). Melamine faced panels defect classification beyond the visible spectrum. In Sensors 2018, Vol. 11(Issue 11).
Abstract: In this work, we explore the use of images from different spectral bands to classify defects in melamine faced panels, which could appear through the production process. Through experimental evaluation, we evaluate the use of images from the visible (VS), near-infrared (NIR), and long wavelength infrared (LWIR), to classify the defects using a feature descriptor learning approach together with a support vector machine classifier. Two descriptors were evaluated, Extended Local Binary Patterns (E-LBP) and SURF using a Bag of Words (BoW) representation. The evaluation was carried on with an image set obtained during this work, which contained five different defect categories that currently occurs in the industry. Results show that using images from beyond
the visual spectrum helps to improve classification performance in contrast with a single visible spectrum solution.
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Milton Mendieta, F. Panchana, B. Andrade, B. Bayot, C. Vaca, Boris X. Vintimilla, et al. (2018). Organ identification on shrimp histological images: A comparative study considering CNN and feature engineering. In IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting ETCM 2018. Cuenca, Ecuador (pp. 1–6).
Abstract: The identification of shrimp organs in biology using
histological images is a complex task. Shrimp histological images
poses a big challenge due to their texture and similarity among
classes. Image classification by using feature engineering and
convolutional neural networks (CNN) are suitable methods to
assist biologists when performing organ detection. This work
evaluates the Bag-of-Visual-Words (BOVW) and Pyramid-Bagof-
Words (PBOW) models for image classification leveraging big
data techniques; and transfer learning for the same classification
task by using a pre-trained CNN. A comparative analysis
of these two different techniques is performed, highlighting
the characteristics of both approaches on the shrimp organs
identification problem.
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Patricia L. Suarez, Angel D. Sappa, & Boris X. Vintimilla. (2018). Vegetation Index Estimation from Monospectral Images. In 15th International Conference, Image Analysis and Recognition (ICIAR 2018), Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 10882, pp. 353–362).
Abstract: This paper proposes a novel approach to estimate Normalized
Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from just the red channel of
a RGB image. The NDVI index is defined as the ratio of the difference
of the red and infrared radiances over their sum. In other words, information
from the red channel of a RGB image and the corresponding
infrared spectral band are required for its computation. In the current
work the NDVI index is estimated just from the red channel by training a
Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN). The architecture
proposed for the generative network consists of a single level structure,
which combines at the final layer results from convolutional operations
together with the given red channel with Gaussian noise to enhance
details, resulting in a sharp NDVI image. Then, the discriminative model
estimates the probability that the NDVI generated index came from the
training dataset, rather than the index automatically generated. Experimental
results with a large set of real images are provided showing that
a Conditional GAN single level model represents an acceptable approach
to estimate NDVI index.
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Patricia L. Suarez, Angel D. Sappa, Boris X. Vintimilla, & Riad I. Hammoud. (2018). Near InfraRed Imagery Colorization. In 25 th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP 2018 (pp. 2237–2241).
Abstract: This paper proposes a stacked conditional Generative
Adversarial Network-based method for Near InfraRed
(NIR) imagery colorization. We propose a variant architecture
of Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) that uses multiple
loss functions over a conditional probabilistic generative model.
We show that this new architecture/loss-function yields better
generalization and representation of the generated colored IR
images. The proposed approach is evaluated on a large test
dataset and compared to recent state of the art methods using
standard metrics.1
Index Terms—Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Generative
Adversarial Network (GAN), Infrared Imagery colorization.
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Wilton Agila, Gomer Rubio, L. Miranda, & L. Vázquez. (2018). Qualitative Model of Control in the Pressure Stabilization of PEM Fuel Cell. In 7th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications, ICRERA 2018. Paris, Francia. (pp. 1221–1226).
Abstract: This work describes an approximate reasoning
technique to deal with the non-linearity that occurs in the
stabilization of the pressure of anodic and cathodic gases of a
proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM). The implementation
of a supervisory element in the stabilization of the pressure of the
PEM cell is described. The fuzzy supervisor is a reference
control, it varies the value of the reference given to the classic
low-level controller, Proportional – Integral – Derivative (PID),
according to the speed of change of the measured pressure and
the change in the error of the pressure. The objective of the fuzzy
supervisor is to achieve a rapid response over time of the variable
pressure, avoiding unwanted overruns with respect to the
reference value. A comparative analysis is detailed with the
classic PID control to evaluate the operation of the "fuzzy
supervisor", with different flow values and different sizes of
active area of the PEM cell (electric power generated).
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Xavier Soria, & Angel D. Sappa. (2018). Improving Edge Detection in RGB Images by Adding NIR Channel. In 14th IEEE International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet based Systems (SITIS 2018) (pp. 266–273).
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