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Jacome-Galarza L.-R., Realpe Robalino M.-A., Paillacho Corredores J., Benavides Maldonado J.-L. |
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Time series in sensor data using state of the art deep learning approaches: A systematic literature review. |
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Conference Article |
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2022 |
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VII International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation for Society (CITIS 2021), mayo 26-28. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. |
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252 |
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503-514 |
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time series, deep learning, recurrent networks, sensor data, IoT. |
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IoT (Internet of Things) and AI (Artificial Intelligence) are becoming
support tools for several current technological solutions due to significant advancements of these areas. The development of the IoT in various technological fields has contributed to predicting the behavior of various systems such as mechanical, electronic, and control using sensor networks. On the other hand, deep learning architectures have achieved excellent results in complex tasks, where patterns have been extracted in time series. This study has reviewed the most efficient deep learning architectures for forecasting and obtaining trends over time, together with data produced by IoT sensors. In this way, it is proposed to contribute to applications in fields in which IoT is contributing a technological advance such as smart cities, industry 4.0, sustainable agriculture, or robotics. Among the architectures studied in this article related to the process of time series data we have: LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) for its high precision in prediction and the ability to automatically process input sequences; CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) mainly in human activity
recognition; hybrid architectures in which there is a convolutional layer for data pre-processing and RNN (Recurrent Neural Networks) for data fusion from different sensors and their subsequent classification; and stacked LSTM Autoencoders that extract the variables from time series in an unsupervised way without the need of manual data pre-processing.Finally, well-known technologies in natural language processing are also used in time series data prediction, such as the attention mechanism and embeddings obtaining promising results. |
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cidis @ cidis @ |
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152 |
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Author |
Rafael E. Rivadeneira; Angel D. Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla |
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Title |
Thermal Image Super-Resolution: a Novel Architecture and Dataset |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
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The 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications (VISIGRAPP 2020); Valletta, Malta; 27-29 Febrero 2020 |
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4 |
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111-119 |
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Keywords |
Thermal images, Far Infrared, Dataset, Super-Resolution. |
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This paper proposes a novel CycleGAN architecture for thermal image super-resolution, together with a large
dataset consisting of thermal images at different resolutions. The dataset has been acquired using three thermal
cameras at different resolutions, which acquire images from the same scenario at the same time. The thermal
cameras are mounted in rig trying to minimize the baseline distance to make easier the registration problem.
The proposed architecture is based on ResNet6 as a Generator and PatchGAN as Discriminator. The novelty
on the proposed unsupervised super-resolution training (CycleGAN) is possible due to the existence of aforementioned thermal images—images of the same scenario with different resolutions. The proposed approach
is evaluated in the dataset and compared with classical bicubic interpolation. The dataset and the network are
available. |
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978-989758402-2 |
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gtsi @ user @ |
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121 |
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Cristhian A. Aguilera, Cristhian Aguilera, Cristóbal A. Navarro, & Angel D. Sappa |
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Title |
Fast CNN Stereo Depth Estimation through Embedded GPU Devices |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Sensors 2020 |
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Vol. 2020-June |
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11 |
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pp. 1-13 |
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Keywords |
stereo matching; deep learning; embedded GPU |
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Abstract |
Current CNN-based stereo depth estimation models can barely run under real-time
constraints on embedded graphic processing unit (GPU) devices. Moreover, state-of-the-art
evaluations usually do not consider model optimization techniques, being that it is unknown what is
the current potential on embedded GPU devices. In this work, we evaluate two state-of-the-art models
on three different embedded GPU devices, with and without optimization methods, presenting
performance results that illustrate the actual capabilities of embedded GPU devices for stereo depth
estimation. More importantly, based on our evaluation, we propose the use of a U-Net like architecture
for postprocessing the cost-volume, instead of a typical sequence of 3D convolutions, drastically
augmenting the runtime speed of current models. In our experiments, we achieve real-time inference
speed, in the range of 5–32 ms, for 1216 368 input stereo images on the Jetson TX2, Jetson Xavier,
and Jetson Nano embedded devices. |
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English |
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14248220 |
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no |
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Call Number |
cidis @ cidis @ |
Serial |
132 |
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Author |
Mónica Villavicencio; Alain Abran |
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Title |
Facts and Perceptions Regarding Software Measurement in Education and in Practice: Preliminary Results |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Software Engineering and Application |
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pp. 227-234 |
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Keywords |
Software measurement, education, software engineering |
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How is software measurement addressed in undergraduate and graduate programs in universities? Do organizations consider that the graduating students they hire have an adequate knowledge of software measurement? To answer these and related questions, a survey was administered to participants who attended the IWSM-MENSURA 2010 conference in Stuttgart, Germany. Forty-seven of the 69 conference participants (including software development practitioners, software measurement consultants, university professors, and graduate students) took part in the survey. The results indicate that software measurement topics are: A) covered mostly at the graduate level and not at the undergraduate level, and B) not mandatory. Graduate students and professors consider that, of the measurement topics covered in university curricula, specific topics, such as measures for the requirements phase, and measurement techniques and tools, receive more attention in the academic context. A common observation of the practitioners who participated in the survey was that students hired as new employees bring limited software measurement-related knowledge to their organizations. Discussion of the findings and directions for future research are presented. |
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2 CIDIS-FIEC, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil, Ecuador |
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English |
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no |
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Call Number |
cidis @ cidis @ |
Serial |
17 |
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Author |
Miguel Oliveira; Vítor Santos; Angel D. Sappa; Paulo Dias; A. Paulo Moreira |
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Title |
Incremental Texture Mapping for Autonomous Driving |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Robotics and Autonomous Systems Journal |
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Vol. 84 |
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pp. 113-128 |
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Keywords |
Scene reconstruction, Autonomous driving, Texture mapping |
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Autonomous vehicles have a large number of on-board sensors, not only for providing coverage all around the vehicle, but also to ensure multi-modality in the observation of the scene. Because of this, it is not trivial to come up with a single, unique representation that feeds from the data given by all these sensors. We propose an algorithm which is capable of mapping texture collected from vision based sensors onto a geometric description of the scenario constructed from data provided by 3D sensors. The algorithm uses a constrained Delaunay triangulation to produce a mesh which is updated using a specially devised sequence of operations. These enforce a partial configuration of the mesh that avoids bad quality textures and ensures that there are no gaps in the texture. Results show that this algorithm is capable of producing fine quality textures. |
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English |
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cidis @ cidis @ |
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50 |
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Author |
Jorge L. Charco; Angel D. Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla; Henry O. Velesaca |
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Title |
Transfer Learning from Synthetic Data in the Camera Pose Estimation Problem |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
The 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications (VISIGRAPP 2020); Valletta, Malta; 27-29 Febrero 2020 |
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4 |
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498-505 |
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Keywords |
Relative Camera Pose Estimation, Siamese Architecture, Synthetic Data, Deep Learning, Multi-View Environments, Extrinsic Camera Parameters. |
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This paper presents a novel Siamese network architecture, as a variant of Resnet-50, to estimate the relative camera pose on multi-view environments. In order to improve the performance of the proposed model
a transfer learning strategy, based on synthetic images obtained from a virtual-world, is considered. The
transfer learning consist of first training the network using pairs of images from the virtual-world scenario
considering different conditions (i.e., weather, illumination, objects, buildings, etc.); then, the learned weight
of the network are transferred to the real case, where images from real-world scenarios are considered. Experimental results and comparisons with the state of the art show both, improvements on the relative pose
estimation accuracy using the proposed model, as well as further improvements when the transfer learning
strategy (synthetic-world data – transfer learning – real-world data) is considered to tackle the limitation on
the training due to the reduced number of pairs of real-images on most of the public data sets. |
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978-989758402-2 |
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no |
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gtsi @ user @ |
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120 |
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Author |
Charco, J.L., Sappa, A.D., Vintimilla, B.X., Velesaca, H.O. |
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Title |
Camera pose estimation in multi-view environments:from virtual scenarios to the real world |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
Publication |
In Image and Vision Computing Journal. (Article number 104182) |
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Vol. 110 |
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Keywords |
Relative camera pose estimation, Domain adaptation, Siamese architecture, Synthetic data, Multi-view environments |
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Abstract |
This paper presents a domain adaptation strategy to efficiently train network architectures for estimating the relative camera pose in multi-view scenarios. The network architectures are fed by a pair of simultaneously acquired
images, hence in order to improve the accuracy of the solutions, and due to the lack of large datasets with pairs of
overlapped images, a domain adaptation strategy is proposed. The domain adaptation strategy consists on transferring the knowledge learned from synthetic images to real-world scenarios. For this, the networks are firstly
trained using pairs of synthetic images, which are captured at the same time by a pair of cameras in a virtual environment; and then, the learned weights of the networks are transferred to the real-world case, where the networks are retrained with a few real images. Different virtual 3D scenarios are generated to evaluate the
relationship between the accuracy on the result and the similarity between virtual and real scenarios—similarity
on both geometry of the objects contained in the scene as well as relative pose between camera and objects in the
scene. Experimental results and comparisons are provided showing that the accuracy of all the evaluated networks for estimating the camera pose improves when the proposed domain adaptation strategy is used,
highlighting the importance on the similarity between virtual-real scenarios. |
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English |
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cidis @ cidis @ |
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147 |
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Author |
Ma. Paz Velarde; Erika Perugachi; Dennis G. Romero; Ángel D. Sappa; Boris X. Vintimilla |
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Title |
Análisis del movimiento de las extremidades superiores aplicado a la rehabilitación física de una persona usando técnicas de visión artificial. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Revista Tecnológica ESPOL-RTE |
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Vol. 28 |
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pp. 1-7 |
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Keywords |
Rehabilitation; RGB-D Sensor; Computer Vision; Upper limb |
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Abstract |
Comúnmente durante la rehabilitación física, el diagnóstico dado por el especialista se basa en observaciones cualitativas que sugieren, en algunos casos, conclusiones subjetivas. El presente trabajo propone un enfoque cuantitativo, orientado a servir de ayuda a fisioterapeutas, a través de una herramienta interactiva y de bajo costo que permite medir los movimientos de miembros superiores. Estos movimientos son capturados por un sensor RGB-D y procesados mediante la metodología propuesta, dando como resultado una eficiente representación de movimientos, permitiendo la evaluación cuantitativa de movimientos de los miembros superiores. |
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ESPOL |
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English |
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cidis @ cidis @ |
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39 |
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Author |
Arias Alexandra. Ing.; Peña Roxanna. Ing.; Chávez Patricia. MSEE.; Basurto Juan. Ing |
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Title |
Análisis Comparativo de la Implementación de una PBX de Código Abierto instalada en un Servidor Tradicional y en un Enrutador Inalámbrico en términos de Calidad de Servicio en Redes Inalámbricas Amalladas |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
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Revista Tecnologica ESPOL RTE |
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Vol. 24 |
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pp. 1-6 |
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Redes Inalámbricas Mesh, VoIP, Asterisk |
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El presente trabajo compara dos Implementaciones de Centrales Telefónicas VoIP de Código Abierto implementados sobre una Red Inalámbrica Amallada. El primero comprende la instalación de la PBX en un servidor tradicional y el segundo la instalación de una PBX en un enrutador inalámbrico. Nuestro objetivo es
determinar cuál de estos dos sistemas es superior en cuanto a calidad de servicio se refiere. Para determinar la mejor solución, realizamos un estudio técnico de los paquetes capturados durante diferentes pruebas, considerando parámetros como el ancho de banda, retardo y jitter. Nuestros métodos de análisis pueden ser utilizados para futuros trabajos con una mayor complejidad y número de enrutadores inalámbrico, así como establecer el grado de afectación y el comportamiento de las dos PBX cuando haya congestión en la red. |
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Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral Km 30.5 vía Perimetral |
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Guayaquil, Guayas Ecuador |
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Español |
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cidis @ cidis @ |
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14 |
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Author |
Rubio, G.A., Agila, W.E |
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A fuzzy model to manage water in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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In Processes Journal. (Article number 904) |
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Vol. 9 |
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Issue 6 |
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PEM fuel cell, fuzzy, neural network, electrical response, flooding, drying. |
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In this paper, a fuzzy model is presented to determine in real-time the degree of dehydration or flooding of a proton exchange membrane of a fuel cell, to optimize its electrical response and consequently, its autonomous operation. By applying load, current and flux variations in the dry, normal, and flooded states of the membrane, it was determined that the temporal evolution of the fuel cell voltage is characterized by changes in slope and by its voltage oscillations. The results were validated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and show slope changes from 0.435 to 0.52 and oscillations from 3.6 mV to 5.2 mV in the dry state, and slope changes from 0.2 to 0.3 and oscillations from 1 mV to 2 mV in the flooded state. The use of fuzzy logic is a novelty and constitutes a step towards the progressive automation of the supervision, perception, and intelligent control of fuel cells, allowing them to reduce their risks and increase their economic benefits. |
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cidis @ cidis @ |
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153 |
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